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A traumatic Brain Injury, TBI, is an injury that affects how the brain works. This can be caused by sudden trauma from a head injury.

A TBI can have a profound effect on the individual and can affect their health, mental health, behaviour, memory, abilities, and sensory processing, this means their sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell.

Those with TBI will find that their abilities and emotions can fluctuate on a day-to-day basis. This could mean that can will be coping well one day, but then really struggling the next. This can be their mood, behaviour, level of support required and being able to cope in different situations.

Support needs to be responsive to how the individual is at that moment in time and there may be a need for a variety of interactions such as, giving space and time to take on board what is happening, being able to express themselves and there may be times when the individual may seem depressed and or fatigued after school, work or doing activities.

A Acquired brain injury , ABI generally is the result of damage to the brain. There are many causes, such as illness, brain tumours, strokes, traumatic events such as surgery, or a vehicle crash. These types of injuries can affect individuals in different ways depending on the type of acquired brain injury.

ABI’s impact individuals both physically and emotionally, behaviour is affected and for some being unable to carry out daily tasks and be able to process information. Individuals can find it hard to focus and concentrate, have less energy and get tired quickly.